QUOTES FROM THE BARD

Conscience is but a word that cowards use, devised at first to keep the strong in awe

PLAY: Richard III
ACT/SCENE: 5.5
SPEAKER: Richard
CONTEXT:
NORFOLK
A good direction, warlike sovereign.
This found I on my tent this morning.
KING RICHARD
Jockey of Norfolk, be not so bold.
For Dickon thy master is bought and sold.
A thing devisèd by the enemy.—
Go, gentlemen, every man unto his charge.
Let not our babbling dreams affright our souls.
Conscience is but a word that cowards use,
Devised at first to keep the strong in awe.
Our strong arms be our conscience, swords our law.
March on. Join bravely. Let us to it pell mell
If not to heaven, then hand in hand to hell.
What shall I say more than I have inferred?
Remember whom you are to cope withal,
A sort of vagabonds, rascals, and runaways,
A scum of Bretons and base lackey peasants,
Whom their o’er-cloyèd country vomits forth
To desperate ventures and assured destruction.
You sleeping safe, they bring to you unrest;
You having lands and blessed with beauteous wives,
(…)

DUTCH:
Geweten is een lafaardswoord, een vond,
Die sterken, geeft men toe, in banden legt;
De vuist zij ons geweten, ‘t zwaard ons recht .


MORE:
Proverb: To be bought and sold

Direction=Plan
Dickon=Richard (Dick)
Bought and sold=Betrayed
Strong arms=Might, power
Be our conscience=Makes us right
Join=Join battle
Compleat:
Direction=Het bestier, aanwijzing
The directing of one’s intentions=Het bestieren van iemands voorneemen
Conscience=Het geweeten

Burgersdijk notes:
Hans Norfolk, tijdig heil gezocht, enz . Dit rijmpjen, waarmede men Norfolk, die aan Richard trouw bleef, hoewel hij zjjn handelingen laakte, tot afval trachtte te bewegen, luidt in de kroniek:
Jocky of Norfolk, be not too bold,
For Dickon thy master is bought and sold .
De folio heeft ten onrechte so in plaats van too; Jocky staat voor John, zooals Dickon voor Richard.

Topics: proverbs and idioms, betrayal, conscience, order/society

A milksop, one that never in his life felt so much cold as overshoes in snow?

PLAY: Richard III
ACT/SCENE: 5.5
SPEAKER: King Richard III
CONTEXT:
KING RICHARD
(…) What shall I say more than I have inferred?
Remember whom you are to cope withal,
A sort of vagabonds, rascals, and runaways,
A scum of Bretons and base lackey peasants,
Whom their o’er-cloyèd country vomits forth
To desperate ventures and assured destruction.
You sleeping safe, they bring to you unrest;
You having lands and blessed with beauteous wives,
They would restrain the one, distain the other.
And who doth lead them but a paltry fellow,
Long kept in Brittany at our mother’s cost,
A milksop, one that never in his life
Felt so much cold as overshoes in snow?
Let’s whip these stragglers o’er the seas again,
Lash hence these overweening rags of France,
These famished beggars weary of their lives,
Who, but for dreaming on this fond exploit,
For want of means, poor rats, had hanged themselves.
If we be conquered, let men conquer us,
And not these bastard Bretons, whom our fathers
Have in their own land beaten, bobbed, and thumped,
And in record, left them the heirs of shame.
Shall these enjoy our lands, lie with our wives,
Ravish our daughters?

DUTCH:
Een melkmuil, die zijn leven lang zich nooit
Tot boven de enkels in de sneeuw gewaagd heeft!

MORE:
Sort=Gang
Lackey=Low-born
O’ercloyed=Overcrowded
Milksop=Coward
Distain=Sully
Fond=Foolish
Bobbed=Drubbed
Compleat:
Sort=Slach, wyze
Lackey (lacquey)=Een voetjongen, volgdienaar, lakkey
To cloy=Overlaaden
Milk-sop=Een Zoetzapige Jorden die zich van ‘t wyf laat regeren
Distain=Bevlekken, besmetten, bezwalken
Fond=Zot, dwaas, ongerymt
Bobbed=Begekt, geloerd

Burgersdijk notes:
Wat heb ik meer te zeggen, dan ik deed? Ongetwijfeld een vreemd begin eener toespraak; men moet er uit vermoeden, dat Richard reeds vroeger zjjne troepen heeft toegesproken en dat wij in deze toespraak slechts eene laatste aansporing hebben te zien, of wel, dat het begin verloren is gegaan. Dat beide veldheeren een aanspraak gehouden hebben tot hun leger, deelt de kroniek van Holinshed mede; van Richard’s toespraak weten wij, dat hij Richmond genoemd heeft “eea Walliser, een onnoozele bloed, zonder moed of ervaring, die aan het hof van Bretagne als een gevangene geleefd heeft op kosten van mij en van mijn broeder .” Aan dit laatste heeft Sh . rep . 324 ontleend: “Long kept in Bretagne at our mother’s cost”. “Die in Bretagne ‘t brood at onzer moeder” . Shakespeare schreef mother, schoon het brother moest zijn; Richard’s broeder, koning Edward, had aan den hertog van Bretagne een jaargeld betaald op voorwaarde, dat hij aan Richmond alle ondernemingen tegen Engeland zou heletten. In den tweeden druk van Holinshed’s kroniek (van 1586) staat to dezer plaatse de drukfout nioother in plaats van brother, en deze druk was het dus zeker, die door Shakespeare gebezigd werd.

Topics: order/society, value

This argues conscience in your Grace, but the respects thereof are nice and trivial, all circumstances well considerèd

PLAY: Richard III
ACT/SCENE: 3.7
SPEAKER: Buckingham
CONTEXT:
BUCKINGHAM
My lord, this argues conscience in your Grace,
But the respects thereof are nice and trivial,
All circumstances well considerèd.
You say that Edward is your brother’s son;
So say we too, but not by Edward’s wife.
For first was he contract to Lady Lucy—
Your mother lives a witness to that vow—
And afterward by substitute betrothed
To Bona, sister to the king of France.
These both put off, a poor petitioner,
A care-crazed mother to a many sons,
A beauty-waning and distressèd widow,
Even in the afternoon of her best days,
Made prize and purchase of his wanton eye,
Seduced the pitch and height of his degree
To base declension and loathed bigamy.
By her in his unlawful bed he got
This Edward, whom our manners term “the Prince.”
More bitterly could I expostulate,
Save that, for reverence to some alive,
I give a sparing limit to my tongue.
Then, good my lord, take to your royal self
This proffered benefit of dignity,
If not to bless us and the land withal,
Yet to draw forth your noble ancestry
From the corruption of abusing times
Unto a lineal, true-derivèd course.

DUTCH:
Mylord, dit toont een nauwgezet gemoed;
Doch uw bezwaren zijn gezocht en nietig,
Wanneer gij alles grondig overweegt.

MORE:
Respects=Objections
Nice=Fussy, petty
Purchase=Gain, profit
Pitch=Height
Degree=Status, rank
Declension=Descent
Sparing=Restrained
Draw forth=Rescue
Compleat:
Nice=Keurig, vies
She is very nice in her diet=Z is zeer vies op haar kost
He is a little too nice upon that matter=Hy is wat al te keurig op die zaak
Purchase=Verkrygen
Pitch=Pik
Degree=Een graad, trap
Declension=Buyging of verandering van woorden
Sparing=Spaarzaam, zuynig, karig

Topics: conscience, complaint, dignity, status, respect

All unavoided is the doom of destiny

PLAY: Richard III
ACT/SCENE: 4.4
SPEAKER: King Richard III
CONTEXT:
KING RICHARD
Her life is safest only in her birth.
QUEEN ELIZABETH
And only in that safety died her brothers.
KING RICHARD
Lo, at their births good stars were opposite.
QUEEN ELIZABETH
No, to their lives ill friends were contrary.
KING RICHARD
All unavoided is the doom of destiny.
QUEEN ELIZABETH
True, when avoided grace makes destiny.
My babes were destined to a fairer death
If grace had blessed thee with a fairer life.
KING RICHARD
You speak as if that I had slain my cousins.

DUTCH:
Niet af te wenden is de wil van ‘t lot.

MORE:
Proverb: It is impossible to avoid (undo) fate (destiny)

Opposite=Opposed to
Contrary=Opposed
Unavoided=Unavoidable
Doom=Judgment, sentence
Avoided=Rejected
Compleat:
Opposite=Tegen over, tegen strydig
Contrary=Tegenstrydig, strydig, tegendeel
Unavoidable=Onvermydelyk
Doom=Vonnis, oordeel, verwyzing
A heavy doom=een zwaar vonnis
To doom=Veroordelen, verwyzen, doemen

Topics: fate/destiny, order/society, proverbs and idioms

Alas, why would you heap this care on me?

PLAY: Richard III
ACT/SCENE: 3.7
SPEAKER: Richard, Duke of Gloucester
CONTEXT:
LORD MAYOR
Do, good my lord. Your citizens entreat you.
BUCKINGHAM
Refuse not, mighty lord, this proffered love.
CATESBY
O, make them joyful. Grant their lawful suit.
RICHARD
Alas, why would you heap this care on me?
I am unfit for state and majesty.
I do beseech you, take it not amiss;
I cannot, nor I will not, yield to you.

DUTCH:
Ach, waarom dringt gij deze zorg mij op?
Ik deug niet voor vertoon en majesteit;
Ik bid u, neemt het mij niet euvel af.
Ik kan en wil uw wenschen niet verhooren.

MORE:
Entreat=Beg
Suit=Action
Care=Responsibility
State=Power
Compleat:
To entreat=Bidden, ernstig verzoeken
Suit=Een verzoek, rechtsgeding
Care=Zorg, bezorgdheid, zorgdraagendheid, zorgvuldigheid, vlytigheid

Topics: concern , status, leadership

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